Standards in the cables
Cable standards are most important criteria which decide thickness of insulation, armouring and test passed by the cables almost every country have its own standard for wire and cable.
Some of important standards are:-
IS:-Indian Standards published by Bureau of India Standard(BIS)
An "ISI certification" for industrial cables refers to a mark indicating that the cable complies with Indian standards set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), signifying its quality and safety for use within India.
ISI Mark for PVC insulated cables
Manufacturers need to comply with the requirements of IS 694:2010 to be eligible for the ISI Mark on their PVC insulated cables.
BS:-British standards
One of popular BS Standard is "BS 7846" is a British Standard that defines the requirements for specific types of electrical cables designed for use in situations where fire resistance is critical.
EN:-European standards
One of popular EN Standard is "EN 50618" is a European standard that used for ensuring the quality and safety of cables used in solar energy applications.
IEC:-International Electrotechnical Commission
One of popular IEC Standard is "IEC 60502" in RS-485 cables tell us regarding cable construction, such as shielding and jacketing materials where electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a concern.
UL:-USA standards
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) was originally created for the United States. UL interestingly is one of the most popular around the world, as they have locations in 46 different countries.
Similarly other countries also have there Standards such as
VDE:-Verband De Elektrotechnik (German standards)
NF:-France standards
JIS:-Japanese standards
Apart from this every industries and needs specific approvals and certificates that vary based on an application's geographical location.
example:-
On the base of location
"CE certificates" in cables
The CE marking is a symbol that indicates a product complies with the European Union's (EU) health, safety, and environmental protection standards.
on the base of industries
"TIA/EIA-568:"
This is a telecommunications cabling standard developed by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). It establishes guidelines for structured cabling systems in commercial buildings.
TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1:(printed on cat-6)
In essence, it relates to Category 6 (CAT6) cabling specifications. CAT6 provides enhanced performance compared to earlier categories like CAT5e, with stricter specifications for crosstalk and system noise.
Some standard which we normally get in datasheet
BS EN 50288-7 (instrumentation cable designed)
This is a British and European standard specifically for instrumentation cables.It typically covers cables with a voltage rating up to 500V AC.It defines the mechanical and electrical requirements for cables used in control and communication systems.
IEC 60332-1-2: (The Fire Safety Standard)
This code tells you how it performs during a fire. Specifically, it tests flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable.
IEC 60228 (conductor of cable)
IEC 60228 is an international standard that defines the conductors of insulated cables. it is certifying the quality, size, and flexibility of the metal conductors.
IS 8130 (conductor of cable)
IS 8130 is the Indian Standard. It is certifying the quality, size, and flexibility of the metal conductors. It focus on the electrical resistance of the conductor rather than its physical dimensions. IS 8130 ensures that as long as the cable meets the resistance limit, it is safe to use.
IS 8130 was specifically formulated to align with IEC 60228 to ensure Indian-made cables could meet global quality benchmarks.If you have a cable that complies with IEC 60228, it will almost certainly meet the technical requirements of IS 8130, and vice versa. The main difference is which regulatory body has stamped the paperwork.
In India, having a cable that meets IEC 60228 is great, but for many government and industrial tenders, the cable must carry the IS 8130 certification and the ISI mark to be legally compliant.
ISO certifications(manufacturing of Industrial cables)
# ISO stands for the International Organization for Standardization. This is a non-governmental organization that develops and publishes international standards.
# ISO certifications are extremely valuable and often essential, especially in manufacturing of Industrial cables.
# The purpose of ISO certification is to help organizations(Company) meet international standards for quality, safety, and efficiency.
ISO 9001:2015
INDICATES QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ISO 14001: 2015
INDICATES ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
ISO 45001:2018
INDICATES SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ISO 8000:2014
INDICATES SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY
ISO 26000:2010
INDICATES GUIDELINES ON SOCIAL RESPONSE.
Various Tests on the Cables
Flammability test.
Flex test.
Wrapping Test (for AI Wires).
Heat Shock Test.
Insulation Resistance Test.
HV Test (at Room Temperature).
Conductor Resistance.
Oxygen Index Test.
Smoke Density Rating.
Hot Deformation.
Spark Test.
Shrinkage Test.
Annealing Test (for Copper Wires)
Tensile Test (for AI Wires).
Measurements of diameter of a wire and cable
For measurements of diameter of a wire and cable we most commonly used Micrometer(or screw gauge) and calipers
Caliper
Caliper is used to measure the overall diameters of the cable.
Micrometer( or screw gauge)
Micrometer( or screw gauge) is used for measuring the diameter of thin wires (or strand of wire).
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